Category:

Women’s Health

Student Course Evaluation Form

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  • Category: Women’s Health
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Learning Objectives

  1. Nutrition and Physical Activity
    1. Choose a heart-healthy diet that would help reduce your risk factors for heart disease, like high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, overweight, and obesity.
    2. Design a diet for a client using guidelines of Heart Healthy Diet.
    3. Compare and explain in detail Heart Healthy Diet, TLC Diet, and DASH diet.
    4. Describe the symptoms of lactose intolerance and suggest a few simple ways to deal with the symptoms.
    5. Describe some of the serious health problems linked to obesity.
    6. Describe carpal tunnel syndrome and suggest ways to prevent it.
  2. Pregnancy and Reproductive Health
    1. Describe menstruation and menstrual cycle.
    2. Describe bacterial vaginosis (BV) and identify women who are at greater risk for getting BV.
    3. Explain why women should not practice douching.
    4. Describe uterine fibroids and various treatments for fibroids.
    5. List some of the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
    6. Explain how PCOS is diagnosed.
    7. Explain endometriosis, list its symptoms, and describe the hormonal and surgical treatment for endometriosis.
    8. Explain reasons why hysterectomies are often done.
    9. Compare urine and blood pregnancy tests.
    10. Outline the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for pregnant women.
    11. Describe the importance of folic acid for women.
    12. Classify drugs according to their safety during pregnancy.
    13. Describe fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and list the most common birth defects or problems of FAS.
    14. Explain why mothers should breastfeed their babies for as long as possible.
    15. Review various birth control methods with estimates of their effectiveness.
    16. List symptoms of perimenopause.
    17. List symptoms of menopause.
    18. Identify the benefits and risks of hormone therapy.
  3. Cancer Detection and Treatment
    1. Perform a breast self-exam.
    2. Explain the importance of regular mammograms and answer various questions about mammograms.
    3. Discuss the pros and cons of breast-conserving surgery with radiation therapy and mastectomy for women with early-stage breast cancer.
    4. Describe how a Pap test is performed and emphasize how important it is for women to take the test regularly.
    5. Identify seven factors that increase a woman’s risk for cancer of the cervix.
  4. Heart/Lung Conditions & Stroke
    1. Describe various types of heart and cardiovascular diseases.
    2. Identify five steps a woman can take to reduce her risk for heart and cardiovascular disease.
    3. Describe the effects of birth control pills and hormone therapy on a woman’s risk for heart disease.
    4. Explain various tests available to diagnose heart disease.
    5. Identify risk factors that contribute to high blood pressure.
    6. List various medicines used to treat high blood pressure.
    7. Describe atherosclerosis and its major symptoms.
    8. Explain angina and identify four signs that may indicate one is having a heart attack.
    9. Distinguish between stable angina and unstable angina.
    10. List signs of a heart attack and explain tests that can diagnose a heart attack.
    11. List nine risk factors for coronary artery disease.
    12. Describe the effect of the stroke on the body as it affects certain parts of the brain.
    13. Identify some common triggers or causes of asthma.
    14. Describe and differentiate between TB infection and TB disease.
  5. Diabetes
    1. Describe three types of diabetes and their symptoms.
    2. Explain glucose tests that provide a diagnosis of diabetes.
    3. Explain hypoglycemia and list its symptoms.
  6. Kidney, Urinary Tract, and Bladder Disorders
    1. Identify conditions that would put a woman at greater risk for urinary tract infection (UTI).
    2. Explain how a UTI is diagnosed.
    3. List some signs and symptoms of interstitial cystitis (IC) and explain how it is diagnosed.
    4. Explain the bladder system and describe how it works.
    5. Describe different types of urinary incontinence.
    6. Describe various treatments for urinary incontinence.
  7. Digestive Diseases
    1. List symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and explain how diet and stress affect IBS.
    2. Explain what causes inflammatory bowel disease. (IBD).
    3. Describe the symptoms and treatment of two most common forms of IBD, ulcerative colitis, (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD).
  8. Circulatory System
    1. Describe various types of anemia and their causes.
    2. List the iron requirement for children and women at various age groups.
    3. List various signs of hemochromatosis and describe treatment for hemochromatosis.
    4. Describe the symptoms of bleeding disorders and their treatment.
    5. Explain what causes varicose and spider veins.
  9. Autoimmune Diseases
    1. Cite some of the most common examples of autoimmune diseases.
    2. List common symptoms associated with allergies.
    3. Describe the treatment of allergies and possible side effects from treatment.
    4. Describe various types of arthritis and their symptoms.
    5. Describe various treatments for arthritis.
    6. Describe chronic fatigue syndrome, its causes, and its signs and symptoms.
    7. List symptoms of fibromyalgia and explain its diagnosis.
    8. Describe the symptoms of Graves’ Disease.
    9. Distinguish between Graves’ Disease and Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis.
    10. Describe various forms of lupus and their symptoms.
    11. Describe four major treatments for lupus.
    12. Describe various types of thyroid disorders and their symptoms.
  10. Skin Conditions
    1. Explain how acne develops.
    2. Describe the treatment for acne.
    3. Describe five forms of psoriasis and their general treatment.
  11. Eating Disorders
    1. List behaviors or warning signs that may indicate the presence of an eating disorder.
    2. Describe various eating disorders and explain what causes eating disorders.
    3. List several signs of anorexia nervosa.
    4. Describe how anorexia affects a person’s whole body.
    5. List several signs of bulimia nervosa.
  12. Mental Health
    1. Describe the three types of postpartum depression women can have after giving birth.
    2. List signs of postpartum depression.
    3. Describe five types of anxiety disorders and their symptoms.
    4. List symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder.
    5. List symptoms of specific and social phobias.
    6. Describe how phobias are treated.
    7. Identify various causes of dementia.
    8. List symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease.
    9. Describe how stress can affect a woman’s body and health.
    10. Describe several techniques to help one handle stress better.
    11. Explain what caregivers can do to prevent stress and burnout.
  13. Sleep Disorders
    1. Describe various types of sleeping disorders.
    2. Describe the treatment for insomnia.
    3. Describe sleep apnea and identify people who are more likely to develop sleep apnea.
    4. Describe various symptoms of narcolepsy.
    5. Describe restless legs syndrome and its common symptoms.
  14. Sexually Transmitted Diseases
    1. List common STDs and their symptoms.
    2. Provide a classification of five types of hepatitis.
    3. Outline safe-sex practices that would lower chances of getting hepatitis.
    4. Describe four stages of syphilis and list signs of syphilis in each of these stages.
    5. Describe the signs and symptoms of gonorrhea.
    6. List symptoms of genital herpes.
    7. Explain how a person can become infected with HIV.
  15. Substance Abuse
    1. Explain how alcohol affects women differently than men.
    2. Describe fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and the birth defects or problems caused by it.
    3. Outline steps to help a woman quit smoking for good.
  16. Violence Against Women
    1. Identify problems caused to the body by date rape drugs, such as GHB, Ketamine and Rohypnol.
    2. Describe the practice of female genital cutting (FGC) and explain why it is still practiced.
  17. Minority Women & Special Groups
    1. Describe major health problems that affect a lot of African American women.
    2. Identify health conditions for which lesbians are at risk or tend to be at greater risk than women are in general.
  18. Cosmetics Safety
    1. Discuss prohibited ingredients in cosmetics and related safety issues.

Table of Contents

Nutrition and Physical Activity – Chapter 01
A Healthy Diet

Heart Healthy Eating

What Parents Need to Know About Children’s Bone Health

Obesity

Weight Loss

Physical Activity

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

For more information
Pregnancy and Reproductive Health – Chapter 02
Menstruation and the Menstrual Cycle

Vaginal Yeast Infections

Bacterial Vaginosis

Douching

Uterine Fibroids

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

Endometriosis

Colposcopy

Hysterectomy

Pregnancy Tests

Prenatal Care

Pregnancy and Nutrition

Folic Acid

Pregnancy and Medications

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Breastfeeding

Birth Control Methods

Frequently Asked Questions about Emergency Contraception

Infertility

Perimenopause

Menopause and Menopause Treatments

For more information
Cancer Detection and Treatment – Chapter 03
Breast Cancer

Breast Self-Exam

Mammograms

Early Stage Breast Cancer: A Patient and Doctor Dialogue

Pap Test

Cervical Cancer

Cancer of the Uterus

Ovarian Cancer

Cancer of the Colon and the Rectum

Lung Cancer

Skin Cancer

For more information
Heart/Lung Conditions & Stroke – Chapter 04

Heart and Cardiovascular Disease
Are there any tests? Can you have a heart arrhythmia without having heart or cardiovascular disease?
Diagnosing Heart Disease

High Blood Pressure

Atherosclerosis

Angina

Heart Attack

Stroke

Lung Disease Overview

Asthma

Tuberculosis

For more information
Diabetes – Chapter 05
Diabetes: Overview

For more information
Kidney, Urinary Tract and Bladder Disorders – Chapter06
Urinary Tract Infections ( UTIs)

Interstitial Cystitis

Urinary Incontinence

Organ Donation and Transplantation

For more information
Digestive Diseases – Chapter 07
Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

For more information
Circulatory System – Chapter 08
Anemia

Bleeding Disorders

Varicose Veins and Spider Veins

For more information
Autoimmune Diseases – Chapter 09
Autoimmune Diseases: Overview

Allergies

Arthritis

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Fibromyalgia

Graves’ Disease

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

Lupus

Myasthenia Gravis

Thyroid Disorders

For more information
Skin Conditions – Chapter 10
Acne

Psoriasis

Skin Cancer

For more information
Eating Disorders – Chater 11
Eating Disorders – Overview

Anorexia Nervosa

Bulimia Nervosa

Binge Eating Disorders

For more information
Mental Health – Chapter 12
Depression

Postpartum Depression

Anxiety Disorders

Dementia

Alzheimer’s Disease

Stress and Your Health

Caregiver Stress

For more information
Sleep Disorders – Chapter 13
Sleep Disorders: Overview

Insomnia

Sleep Apnea

Narcolepsy

Restless Legs Syndrome

For more information
Sexually Transmitted Diseases – Chapter 14
Sexually Transmitted Diseases – Overview

Hepatitis

Syphilis

Gonorrhea

Chlamydia

Genital Herpes

Human Papillomavirus and Genital Warts

Women and HIV/ AIDS

Trichomoniasis

For more information
Substance Abuse – Chapter 15
Alcohol Abuse and Treatment

Drug Abuse and Treatment

Smoking

For more information
Violence Against Women – Chapter 16
Sexual Assault

Date Rape Drugs

Female Genital Cutting Frequently Asked Questions

References
For more information
Minority Women & Special Groups – Chapter 17
Health Problems in Minority Women and Special Groups

Lesbian Women’s Health

Resources
For More Information
Cosmetics Safety – Chapter 18
Cosmetics Safety: More Complex Than at First Blush

Cosmetic Ingredients: Understanding the Puffery
Prohibited Ingredients and Related Safety Issues
Hair Dye Products
Heading Off Hair-Care Disasters: Use Caution With Relaxers and Dyes

  • Why should I try to have a healthy diet?
  • How can I start planning a healthy diet for me and my family?
  • What are the most important steps to a healthy diet?
  • I know a healthy diet means I should control my fat intake, but I’m confused by all the different kinds of fats in foods! How do I know which ones are ok and which ones to avoid?
  • I’m concerned about heart disease. Is there a special diet to help prevent or control it?
  • Many diets say to limit my sodium to an amount measured in milligrams per day, but exactly how much salt is that?
  • It’s hard to know if my portions are too big or too small for a healthy diet. Do I have to measure everything I’m eating?
  • I’m confused by all of the labels I see on foods, like “fat free” and “low calorie.” What do these terms mean?
  • How can I follow a healthy diet if I eat out a lot?
  • Why do I need to be concerned about heart healthy eating?
  • How do I get started with planning a heart healthy diet?
  • What is cholesterol and what diets can help me lower or maintain healthy levels of cholesterol?
  • How do the Heart Healthy and TLC Diets work?
  • What diets can help me maintain a healthy blood pressure level?
  • How does the DASH Diet work?
  • What else can I do, besides diet, to keep my heart healthy?
  • I thought osteoporosis affects older women. Why should girls and teenage girls be concerned about bone health?
  • What is “weight bearing” physical activity?
  • How do calcium and physical activity make bones stronger?
  • How much calcium do adolescents need?
  • It seems pretty hard to get 1300 milligrams of calcium from food alone. Should girls take a calcium supplement to make sure they get enough calcium? And, is it possible to get too much calcium?
  • Can you get enough calcium if you are lactose intolerant?
  • I’ve heard that milk and other dairy products can be fattening, or aren’t good for you in other ways.
  • Why are dairy products recommended for adolescents who want to build strong bones?
  • How does caffeine affect bone health?
  • What else can adolescents do to improve and promote their bone health?
  • My neighborhood is not very safe. How can girls take part in weight bearing physical activity while staying indoors?
  • What kinds of weight bearing exercises can girls with physical disabilities do to keep their bones strong?
  • What is obesity?
  • What causes being overweight and obesity?
  • How many women are obese?
  • What are some of the serious health problems linked to obesity?
  • What are metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity?
  • How can I improve my health if I am obese?
  • What is the best way to lose weight?
  • What are high protein/low carbohydrate diets? Are they a healthy way to lose weight?
  • Is it safe to use diet pills or herbal supplements when trying to lose weight?
  • Are there any weight loss programs that work?
  • If I quit smoking, will I gain weight?
  • How can physical activity improve my health?
  • How can I prevent injuries when I exercise?
  • I am a larger woman. Can I be physically active?
  • Can I stay active if I have a disability?
  • What are some tips to help me get moving?
  • Do I need to talk to my health care provider before I start?
  • What is carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)?
  • What are the symptoms of CTS?
  • What causes CTS?
  • How is CTS treated?
  • Is there a cure for CTS?
  • How can I prevent CTS?
  • What is menstruation?
  • What is the menstrual cycle?
  • What happens during the menstrual cycle?
  • What is a typical menstrual period like?
  • What kinds of problems do women have with their periods?
  • At what age does a girl get her first period?
  • How long does a woman have periods?
  • When should I see a health care provider about my period?
  • How often should I change my pad/tampon?
  • What is a vaginal yeast infection?
  • What are the symptoms of vaginal yeast infections?
  • What causes vaginal yeast infections?
  • How is a yeast infection diagnosed?
  • How is a yeast infection treated?
  • How can I prevent yeast infections?
  • What is bacterial vaginosis (BV)?
  • What are the signs of BV?
  • How do women get BV? Is there anything that can put a woman at greater risk for getting BV?
  • How can I find out if I have BV?
  • Does BV cause any problems?
  • How is BV treated?
  • If I have BV, do I need to worry about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?
  • What should I do if I have BV?
  • What should I do if I think I have an STD?
  • What is douching?
  • Why do women douche?
  • How common is douching?
  • Is douching safe?
  • What effects will douching have on pregnancy?
  • What is the healthiest and safest way to clean the vagina?
  • What are fibroids?
  • Why should women know about fibroids?
  • Who gets fibroids?
  • Where can fibroids grow?
  • What are the symptoms of fibroids?
  • What causes fibroids?
  • Can fibroids turn into cancer?
  • How do I know for sure that I have fibroids?
  • What is the treatment for fibroids?
  • How does Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) work?
  • What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?
  • How many women have PCOS?
  • What causes ovarian cysts?
  • Is it possible to have PCOS without having cysts?
  • What causes PCOS?
  • How is PCOS diagnosed?
  • How does PCOS affect fertility and pregnancy?
  • Does PCOS put women at risk for other conditions?
  • How is PCOS treated?
  • Why do I need to know about endometriosis?
  • What is endometriosis?
  • What are the symptoms of endometriosis?
  • How would I know if I have endometriosis?
  • What causes endometriosis?
  • What is the treatment for endometriosis?
  • How do I cope with a disease that has no cure?
  • What is a colposcopy? What are the benefits of colposcopy?
  • Why would a woman need a colposcopy?
  • What happens during the procedure? Does it hurt?
  • What happens after the procedure? How do you feel?
  • Are there any risks with having a colposcopy?
  • What is a hysterectomy?
  • How common are hysterectomies?
  • How is a hysterectomy performed?
  • Why do women have hysterectomies? Do alternatives exist?
  • What should I do if I am told that I need a hysterectomy?
  • If my cervix was removed in my hysterectomy, do I still need to have Pap tests?
  • How do pregnancy tests work?
  • What’s the difference between a urine and a blood pregnancy test? Is one better than the other?
  • How is a home pregnancy test done?
  • How accurate are home pregnancy tests?
  • Can anything interfere with home pregnancy test results?
  • What is prenatal care?
  • Why is prenatal care so important?
  • I am thinking about getting pregnant. How can I take care of myself?
  • I just found out that I am pregnant. How can I take care of myself?
  • I am not thinking about getting pregnant right now, but heard that all women should take folic acid every day.
  • How often should I see my doctor during pregnancy?
  • What happens during prenatal visits?
  • I am in my late thirties and I want to have a child now. Should I do anything special?
  • How should my diet change now that I am pregnant?
  • What are the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for pregnant women?
  • Should I take a multi-vitamin during my pregnancy?
  • I’ve heard that I will need iron supplements. Is that true?
  • What about folic acid?
  • Should I avoid drinking alcohol while I am pregnant?
  • Should I avoid caffeine?
  • What should I make sure to include in my diet?
  • Why do pregnant women crave certain foods?
  • Do I really need to “eat for two?”
  • What about diabetes and pregnancy?
  • How much weight should I gain during my pregnancy?
  • Is it difficult to lose weight after pregnancy?
  • Why do I get morning sickness and nausea, and what can I do about it?
  • Is it safe for me to exercise during pregnancy?
  • What types of exercise are best when I’m pregnant?
  • What should I be careful about when it comes to exercising?
  • What is folic acid?
  • Why is folic acid important for women?
  • How much folic acid should women take?
  • Is it safe to take medicine while you are pregnant?
  • What over-the-counter and prescription drugs are not safe to take during pregnancy?
  • Will there be studies in the future that will look at whether certain medicines or products are safe in pregnant women?
  • Should I avoid taking any medicine while I am pregnant?
  • What about taking natural medications, or herbal remedies, when you are pregnant?
  • I have heard that some women who were pregnant between 1938 and 1971 were given a drug called DES to prevent miscarriages that is now known to cause cancers. Would I be affected if my mother took this drug?
  • What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
  • What are the most common birth defects or problems of FAS?
  • How does alcohol cause these problems?
  • Can FAS be cured?
  • Is it okay to drink a little alcohol during pregnancy?
  • What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
  • How long should I breastfeed?
  • Is there any time when I should not breastfeed
  • Is it safe to take medications while breasfeeding?
  • Can I breastfeed if my breasts are small?
  • Will breastfeeding keep me from getting pregnant?
  • Will breastfeeding tie me to my home?
  • Why should I breastfeed?
  • Can I still breastfeed when I go back to work?
  • How much do breastfeeding pumps cost and what kind will I need?
  • How can I breastfeed discreetly in public?
  • If I decide to breastfeed, is there a right way to do so?
  • Does breastfeeding hurt
  • Can I give my baby a pacifier if I breastfeed?
  • How do I know that my baby is gtiing enough milk from my breastfeeding
  • Will my partner be jealous if I breastfeed
  • What is the best method of birth control (or contraception)?
  • What are the different birth control methods that I can use?
  • Are there any foams or gels that I can use to keep from getting pregnant?
  • How effective is withdrawal as a birth control method?
  • Everyone I know is on the pill. Is it safe?
  • Will birth control pills protect me from HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, and other STDs?
  • I’ve heard my girlfriends talking about dental dams and I thought they were something only dentists used during oral surgery what are they?
  • What is emergency contraception (or emergency birth control)?
  • How does emergency contraception work?
  • What are the types of emergency contraception? Are they the same thing as the “morning after” pill?
  • I was given emergency contraception in an emergency room. What do I need to do after I take the pills?
  • How effective is emergency contraception at preventing pregnancy?
  • My girlfriend took emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) and they did not work. If she keeps the pregnancy, will there be something wrong with her baby?
  • Is emergency contraception the same thing as the “abortion pill?”
  • What is infertility?
  • Is infertility a woman’s problem?
  • What causes infertility in men?
  • What causes infertility in women?
  • How is infertility tested?
  • What is the treatment for infertility?
  • What is assisted reproductive technology (ART)?
  • What is perimenopause?
  • How long does perimenopause last?
  • I’ve been depressed in the past. Will this affect when I start going through perimenopause?
  • What should I expect as I go through perimenopause?
  • I don’t understand why I get hot flashes. Could you tell me what’s going on with my body?
  • I am feeling so emotional lately. Is this from the changes in my hormones?
  • What can I do to prevent or relieve symptoms of perimenopause?
  • I’m going through perimenopause right now. My period is very heavy, and I’m bleeding after sex. Is this normal?
  • Can I get pregnant while in perimenopause?
  • What is menopause?
  • What are the symptoms of menopause?
  • I will be having a hysterectomy to remove both my uterus and my ovaries, and I am only 37. Will I go into menopause?
  • What is premature menopause?
  • What is postmenopause?
  • I’ve reached menopause, but I still have been feeling so depressed and irritable. I’m just not myself. Will these feelings ever go away?
  • I’ve reached menopause and haven’t had my period for a few years now. But, the other day I had some bleeding off and on. Should I be concerned?
  • Who needs treatment for the symptoms of menopause?
  • What are the benefits and risks of hormone therapy?
  • So, what have we learned about taking hormone therapy for menopause?
  • What about natural treatments for menopause?
  • How else can I help my symptoms?
  • How can I stay healthy as I age?
  • Do you have a tool I can use to track my symptoms?
  • Why should I be concerned about breast cancer?
  • Where can I learn more about breast cancer?
  • Why should I do a breast self-exam?
  • What am I looking for when I do a breast self-exam?
  • Is there a right way to examine my breasts?
  • How often should I do a self-exam?
  • What is a mammogram?
  • Are there different types of mammograms?
  • Are mammograms safe?
  • How is a mammogram done?
  • How is a mammogram done in a woman with breast implants?
  • How often should I get a mammogram?
  • Where can I get a mammogram?
  • How can I get ready for my mammogram?
  • Are there any problems with mammograms?
  • What type of tumor do I have? What does “invasive” mean?
  • What does “lobular” mean? What does “ductal” mean? What does it mean for my treatment?
  • What is an “early stage” breast cancer?
  • What’s my chance of surviving this cancer with each treatment?
  • Why would any woman pick mastectomy if the survival rate is the same?
  • You say that the survival rate does not differ “significantly” between lumpectomy with radiation and mastectomy. But, if there is a tiny percentage difference in outcome, how many women does that represent? Isn’t it significant to those women?
  • Does the decision about what kind of surgery to have affect whether I need chemotherapy?
  • I have breast cancer in my family. Should I choose the more aggressive treatment? Should I undergo surgery to prevent breast cancer?
  • What are the chances of the cancer coming back if I get a lumpectomy with radiation? If it comes back, is it likely to be invasive? If I decide on a lumpectomy/radiation, how can you be sure there are no other “spots” in the breast? Wouldn’t a mastectomy eliminate that possibility?
  • What does “margin” mean?
  • I have heard that some tumors are “estrogen receptor-positive?” What does that mean? If my tumor is estrogen receptor-positive, should that make a difference in my treatment?
  • If I choose a lumpectomy, how much of my breast has to be taken out? Will it affect the look of my breast? What will the scar look like?
  • What will my breast look like after lumpectomy/radiation? I hear it gets hard.
  • I thought that radiation can cause cancer. Will it increase my risk for other cancers?
  • Can I have a mastectomy without removing the nipple?
  • What are the side effects of both surgical treatments? What’s the worst case scenario?
  • Can I have breast reconstruction at the same time as my mastectomy?
  • With reconstruction, can I change the size of my breasts? Can the plastic surgeon make the other breast match?
  • What happens when each treatment ends? How often do I see you?
  • If I have a lumpectomy and I get a recurrence, will I have to have a mastectomy then? Can I have reconstruction after radiation?
  • These are questions that breast cancer patients commonly ask their doctors. What’s your recommendation? What treatment would you recommend if I were your wife/sister/daughter? What do most of your patients in my situation decide?
  • How often should I do a self-exam?
  • What is a Pap test?
  • Why do I need a Pap test?
  • Do all women need Pap tests?
  • My friend had a hysterectomy does she still need a Pap test?
  • How often do I need to get a Pap test?
  • Is there anything special I need to do before going for a Pap test?
  • How is a Pap test done?
  • What happens after the Pap test is done?
  • What do abnormal Pap test results mean?
  • What will happen if my Pap test finds something that is not normal?
  • My health care provider told me my Pap test result was a false positive. What does this mean?
  • Is there anything new or being developed to improve the accuracy of Pap tests?
  • Do sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause cancer of the cervix?
  • What increases a woman’s risk for cancer of the cervix?
  • What is cervical cancer?
  • Why should I be concerned about cervical cancer?
  • Where can I learn more about cervical cancer?
  • What is cancer of the uterus?
  • Why should I be concerned about cancer of the uterus?
  • Where can I learn more about cancer of the uterus?
  • What is ovarian cancer?
  • Why should I be concerned about ovarian cancer?
  • Where can I learn more about ovarian cancer?
  • What is cancer of the colon and the rectum?
  • Why should I be concerned about cancer of the colon and the rectum?
  • Where can I learn more about cancer of the colon and the rectum?
  • What is lung cancer?
  • Why should I be concerned about lung cancer?
  • Where can I find out more about lung cancer?
  • What is skin cancer?
  • Why should I be concerned about skin cancer?
  • Where can I learn more about skin cancer?
  • What is heart and cardiovascular disease?
  • Do women really need to worry about heart and cardiovascular disease?
  • What are the different types of heart and cardiovascular disease?
  • What increases my chances for getting heart and cardiovascular disease?
  • How can I reduce my risk for heart and cardiovascular disease?
  • How much difference can diet and exercise really make on the health of my heart and cardiovascular system?
  • How does high blood cholesterol affect my risk for heart and cardiovascular disease?
  • I had my cholesterol checked but I do not understand the results. What do they mean?
  • How do I know if I have heart or cardiovascular disease?
  • What are the signs of heart attack and stroke?
  • What are palpitations or “extra” heartbeats? Are they dangerous?
  • What is an arrhythmia?
  • Is it safe to take an aspirin a day to prevent heart disease?
  • Do birth control pills and hormone therapy (HT) increase a woman’s risk for heart disease?
  • Why should I be concerned about heart disease?
  • What is an ECG or an electrocardiogram?
  • How can a chest x-ray help diagnose heart disease?
  • What is an echocardiogram (echo)?
  • How is an echocardiogram performed?
  • What other tests might be performed with an echocardiogram?
  • I have heard many people talk about stress tests. What is a stress test?
  • What happens when a treadmill stress test is performed?
  • What are some different types of exercise stress tests?
  • What about stress tests for people who can’t exercise?
  • My heart often skips beats and my doctor ordered a Holter Monitor test. What is this?
  • What is cardiac catheterization?
  • How is a cardiac catheterization performed?
  • Are CT scans or MRI tests used to diagnose heart disease?
  • What is a MUGA scan and how is it performed?
  • There are so many tests to diagnose heart disease. How do I know which one is right for me?
  • What is high blood pressure and why is it so dangerous?
  • Should women be concerned about high blood pressure? about
  • What causes high blood pressure?
  • What are the risk factors that contribute to high blood pressure?
  • How can I tell if I have high blood pressure what are the signs I should be looking for?
  • How is blood pressure measured?
  • Can high blood pressure be prevented?
  • When I get my blood pressure checked in my health care provider’s office it is always sky high! Can I check my own blood pressure at home?
  • What medicines are used to treat high blood pressure?
  • What is atherosclerosis?
  • What is plaque?
  • What causes plaque to form in arteries?
  • What are the symptoms of atherosclerosis?
  • What risk factors raise my chances of having atherosclerosis?
  • How is atherosclerosis diagnosed?
  • How is atherosclerosis treated?
  • Can I prevent or reverse atherosclerosis?
  • What is angina and how will I know if I have it?
  • Does angina mean I’m having a heart attack?
  • Is all angina the same?
  • Are there other types of angina besides stable (common) and unstable angina?
  • How is angina diagnosed?
  • What should I do if I start to have unexpected chest pains while resting?
  • How is angina treated?
  • What lifestyle changes can help with angina?
  • What if lifestyle changes and medicine fail to control angina?
  • What is a heart attack?
  • Do women have to worry about having a heart attack?
  • How can I tell if I am having a heart attack?
  • Why is prompt treatment so important?
  • How is a heart attack diagnosed?
  • How is a heart attack treated?
  • If I have had one heart attack, will I have another one?
  • Is it safe to have sex after a heart attack?
  • Why is exercise so important after a heart attack?
  • How can I prevent a heart attack?
  • What is a stroke?
  • What is a “mini-stroke” or TIA?
  • What are the warning signs of stroke?
  • What are the effects of stroke?
  • Where can stroke occur in the brain and how does that affect the body?
  • Who is at risk for stroke?
  • How is stroke prevented?
  • How is stroke diagnosed?
  • How is stroke treated?
  • What about stroke rehabilitation?
  • Why are the lungs important?
  • What types of diseases can affect the lungs?
  • What causes lung disease?
  • Which lung diseases are the most common in women?
  • How is asthma diagnosed and treated?
  • How is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) diagnosed and treated?
  • How is lung cancer diagnosed and treated?
  • What can I do to lower my risk of lung disease?
  • What is asthma?
  • Are women affected by asthma differently than men?
  • What causes asthma?
  • What can trigger an asthma attack?
  • How can I find out if I have asthma?
  • How is asthma treated?
  • What can I do to prevent an asthma attack?
  • How does asthma affect a pregnant woman?
  • What is tuberculosis (too-burr-cue-low-sis) (TB)?
  • How would I get TB?
  • What are the types of TB?
  • Who is more likely to get TB disease?
  • What are the tests for TB?
  • Is there medicine for TB?
  • If I have TB disease, can I give it to other people?
  • I’m pregnant and found out I have TB. Is it safe to take medicine while I’m pregnant?
  • Can I breastfeed if I am taking pills for TB disease?
  • What is diabetes?
  • What are the different types of diabetes?
  • Who is at risk for diabetes?
  • What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes?
  • What tests are used to diagnose diabetes?
  • Who should be tested for diabetes?
  • How is diabetes treated?
  • Can diabetes be prevented?
  • What is hypoglycemia? How is it related to diaetes?
  • What is new in diabetes research?
  • What is the urinary tract?
  • What are urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
  • What causes UTIs?
  • What are the symptoms of a UTI?
  • Who is at risk for UTIs?
  • Do you develop more urinary tract infections during pregnancy?
  • How is a UTI diagnosed?
  • How is a UTI treated?
  • What if I keep getting UTIs?
  • Are there steps I can take to prevent a UTI?
  • What is interstitial cystitis?
  • What are the causes of interstitial cystitis?
  • What are some symptoms and signs of interstitial cystitis?
  • How is interstitial cystitis diagnosed?
  • Is there a cure for interstitial cystitis?
  • How is interstitial cystitis treated?
  • How does diet affect interstitial cystitis?
  • I have interstitial cystitis and have just discovered I am pregnant. Will it affect my baby in any way?
  • What is urinary incontinence and what causes it?
  • What does the bladder system look like and how does it work?
  • Are there different types of urinary incontinence?
  • Does pregnancy, childbirth and menopause affect urinary incontinence?
  • How is urinary incontinence diagnosed?
  • How is urinary incontinence treated?
  • What is organ donation and transplantation?
  • What is the current status of organ donation and transplantation in the United States?
  • Who can be an organ donor?
  • What organs and tissues can I donate?
  • How do I become a donor candidate?
  • Does the donor’s family have to pay for the cost of organ donation?
  • If I am a donor, will that affect the quality of my medical care?
  • Does organ donation disfigure your body?
  • Who manages the distribution of organs?
  • What is the process for receiving an organ for transplantation?
  • How can someone find a transplant hospital?
  • How are minority women affected by organ transplants?
  • What is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
  • Who gets IBS?
  • What are the symptoms of IBS?
  • What causes IBS symptoms?
  • How is IBS diagnosed?
  • How do diet and stress affect IBS?
  • What foods may cause IBS symptoms?
  • What can I do to help my IBS besides avoiding problem foods and beverages?
  • What medicines are used to treat IBS?
  • What is inflammatory bowel disease?
  • Who is affected by IBD?
  • What causes IBD?
  • What is ulcerative colitis (UC)?
  • What are the symptoms of UC?
  • What are the complications of UC?
  • How do I know if I have UC?
  • What is Crohn’s disease (CD)?
  • What are the symptoms of CD?
  • What are the complications of CD?
  • How do I know if I have CD?
  • Is IBD related to Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)?
  • What are the signs of IBD? When should I see my health care provider?
  • Can IBD be prevented?
  • How is IBD treated?
  • What medications are used to treat IBD?
  • What types of surgery are used to treat IBD?
  • I have IBD and need surgery, have I failed at managing my disease?
  • What research is being done on new treatments for IBD?
  • Is there a link between IBD and colon cancer?
  • Does having IBD increase my chances of getting cancer? Is there any way to tell if I am developing cancer?
  • How is fertility affected in women with IBD?
  • Is pregnancy safe for women with IBD?
  • What is anemia?
  • What causes anemia?
  • What are the signs of anemia?
  • How do I find out if I have anemia?
  • What’s the treatment for anemia?
  • How do I prevent anemia?
  • How much iron do I need every day?
  • Are there special iron guidelines for pregnant women?
  • I am taking hormone therapy (HT). Does that affect how much iron I should take?
  • Does birth control affect my risk for anemia?
  • I am a vegetarian. What steps should I take to make sure I get enough iron?
  • What happens if I take too much iron?
  • If I have hemochromatosis, what can I do to stay healthy?
  • What is a bleeding disorder?
  • Are there different types of bleeding disorders?
  • Is heavy bleeding during menstruation a bleeding disorder?
  • What are the symptoms of bleeding disorders? How would I know if I had one of these disorders?
  • Why is it important to know if I have a bleeding disorder?
  • How are bleeding disorders treated?
  • What are varicose veins and spider veins?
  • How common are abnormal leg veins?
  • What causes varicose and spider veins?
  • Why do varicose and spider veins usually appear in the legs?
  • Are varicose and spider veins painful or dangerous?
  • How can I prevent varicose and spider veins?
  • Should I see a doctor about varicose veins?
  • How are varicose and spider veins treated?
  • Can varicose and spider veins return even after treatment?
  • What is an autoimmune disease?
  • What are some of the most common examples of autoimmune diseases?
  • What causes autoimmune diseases?
  • How are autoimmune diseases diagnosed?
  • How are autoimmune diseases treated?
  • What are allergies and who suffers from them?
  • What is an allergic reaction?
  • What symptoms are associated with allergies?
  • Does asthma affect women differently than men?
  • What are the most common allergies?
  • What are hives?
  • How are allergies diagnosed?
  • How can allergies be treated? What are the possible side effects from treatment?
  • Does breastfeeding effect a baby’s allergic responses?
  • What is arthritis?
  • Are there different types of arthritis?
  • What causes arthritis?
  • What does arthritis do to a person’s joints?
  • What are the symptoms of arthritis?
  • How is arthritis diagnosed?
  • What are the treatments for arthritis?
  • What research is being done on arthritis?
  • What is Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS)?
  • What causes CFS?
  • What are the signs of CFS?
  • How common is CFS? Who gets it?
  • How would my health care provider know if I have CFS?
  • How is CFS treated?
  • What can a person do to cope with CFS?
  • What is the latest research on CFS?
  • What is fibromyalgia (FM)?
  • What are the symptoms of fibromyalgia?
  • How common is fibromyalgia? Who is mainly affected by it?
  • What causes fibromyalgia?
  • How is fibromyalgia diagnosed?
  • How is fibromyalgia treated?
  • What is the difference between fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome?
  • What research is being done on fibromyalgia?
  • What is Graves’ disease?
  • What is an autoimmune disease?
  • What are the symptoms of Graves’ Disease?
  • How do I know if I have this disease?
  • What is the treatment for this disease?
  • What could happen if this disease is left untreated?
  • What is Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis?
  • What is an autoimmune disease?
  • What are the symptoms of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis?
  • Is this disease hereditary?
  • How can I know for sure if I have this disease?
  • What is the treatment for this disease?
  • What would happen without medication to regulate my thyroid function?
  • What is lupus?
  • Who has lupus?
  • What are the different types of lupus?
  • What causes lupus?
  • How is SLE diagnosed?
  • What are flares?
  • How is lupus treated?
  • Is it safe for me to become pregnant?
  • How can I cope with the stress of having lupus?
  • How can I tell the difference between symptoms of lupus and symptoms of pregnancy?
  • What research is being done on lupus?
  • What is myasthenia gravis (MG)?
  • What causes MG?
  • Who gets myasthenia gravis?
  • What is the role of the thymus gland in MG?
  • What are the signs and symptoms of MG?
  • How is MG diagnosed?
  • What is the treatment for MG?
  • What is a myasthenic crisis?
  • How can I help take care of myself if I have MG?
  • Is MG associated with other conditions?
  • What is the thyroid and why should I worry about it?
  • What are the different types of thyroid disorders?
  • What are the signs of a thyroid disorder?
  • How are thyroid disorders treated?
  • What is acne?
  • How does acne develop?
  • What causes acne?
  • Who gets acne?
  • How is acne treated?
  • Treatment for blackheads, whiteheads, and mild inflammatory acne
  • Treatment for moderate to severe inflammatory acne
  • Treatment for severe nodular or cystic acne
  • Treatments for hormonally influenced acne in women
  • Other treatments for acne
  • How should people with acne care for their skin?
  • What research is being done on acne?
  • What is psoriasis?
  • What causes psoriasis?
  • How is psoriasis diagnosed?
  • What is the treatment for psoriasis?
  • What research is being done on psoriasis?
  • What is skin cancer?
  • Why should I be concerned about skin cancer?
  • Where can I learn more about skin cancer?
  • What are eating disorders?
  • Who is at risk for eating disorders?
  • What causes eating disorders?
  • What are the most common types of eating disorders?
  • What effects do eating disorders have on a person’s health?
  • How can you tell if someone has an eating disorder?
  • What are the treatments for eating disorders?
  • Will having an eating disorder keep me from getting pregnant or having a healthy baby?
  • What should you do if you or someone you know has an eating disorder?
  • What is the latest research on eating disorders?
  • What is anorexia nervosa?
  • What causes it?
  • What are signs of anorexia nervosa?
  • What happens to someone who has anorexia nervosa?
  • Can someone with anorexia nervosa get better?
  • Can women who had anorexia nervosa in the past still get pregnant?
  • Can anorexia hurt a baby when the mother is pregnant?
  • What is bulimia nervosa?
  • What causes it?
  • What are the signs of bulimia nervosa?
  • What happens to someone who has bulimia?
  • Can someone with bulimia get better?
  • Can women who had bulimia nervosa in the past still get pregnant?
  • Does bulimia nervosa hurt a baby when the mother is pregnant?
  • What is binge eating disorder?
  • Who suffers from binge eating disorders?
  • What causes binge eating disorder?
  • How is binge eating treated?
  • What is depression?
  • What causes depression?
  • What are the signs of depression?
  • How is depression treated?
  • How can I get help for my depression?
  • Why do women get postpartum depression?
  • What is postpartum depression? Are the “baby blues” the same thing as postpartum depression?
  • What are the signs of postpartum depression?
  • Who is at risk for getting postpartum depression?
  • What causes postpartum depression?
  • How is postpartum depression treated?
  • What can I do to take better care of myself if I get postpartum depression?
  • What are anxiety disorders? Are they common?
  • What are the different types of anxiety disorders and what are their symptoms?
  • What is generalized anxiety disorder?
  • What are the symptoms of GAD?
  • What is obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
  • What are the symptoms of (OCD)?
  • What is panic disorder?
  • What are the symptoms of panic disorder?
  • What is a phobia?
  • What are specific phobias and what are the symptoms?
  • What are social phobias and what are the symptoms?
  • What is post-traumatic stress disorder and how is it treated?
  • How are anxiety disorders treated?
  • What should I do if I think I may have an anxiety disorder?
  • What can I do to help myself if I have an anxiety disorder?
  • What is the latest research on anxiety disorders?
  • What is dementia?
  • What causes dementia?
  • How can you tell if someone suffers from dementia?
  • Who is most likely to suffer from dementia?
  • How do you treat dementia?
  • Is there help for caregivers of people with dementia?
  • What is Alzheimer’s disease?
  • What causes Alzheimer’s disease?
  • What are the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease?
  • How is Alzheimer’s disease diagnosed?
  • How is Alzheimer’s disease treated?
  • What research is being done on Alzheimer’s disease?
  • Can I prevent Alzheimer’s disease by taking vitamins or herbal remedies?
  • How do family members cope when caring for someone with Alzheimer’s?
  • What are some of the most common causes of stress?
  • What are some early signs of stress?
  • How do women tend to react to stress?
  • How does stress affect my body and my health?
  • What are some of the most stressful life events?
  • What is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
  • How can I help handle my stress?
  • I heard deep breathing could help my stress. How do I do it?
  • Does stress cause ulcers?
  • What is caregiving?
  • What is caregiver stress?
  • What can caregivers do to prevent stress and burnout?
  • What is the National Family Caregiver Support Program (NFCSP)?
  • How can I find out about care giving resources in my community?
  • What kind of paid help is available for home health care? Is there government support for this?
  • Who is eligible for Medicare home health care services?
  • Will Medicaid help pay for home health care?
  • What are sleep disorders?
  • Why do I need to worry about sleep?
  • What happens when you sleep?
  • How much sleep does a person need?
  • How can I tell if I have a sleep problem or a sleep disorder?
  • What can I do to get a good night’s sleep?
  • What is insomnia?
  • What are the different types of insomnia and what causes them?
  • How is insomnia diagnosed?
  • How is insomnia treated?
  • What habits promote a good night’s sleep?
  • What is sleep apnea?
  • Who gets sleep apnea?
  • What causes sleep apnea?
  • What are the effects of sleep apnea?
  • How do I know if I have sleep apnea?
  • How is sleep apnea diagnosed?
  • How is sleep apnea treated?
  • Can sleep apnea be prevented?
  • What is narcolepsy?
  • What are the symptoms of narcolepsy?
  • Should I worry about getting narcolepsy?
  • How is narcolepsy diagnosed?
  • How is narcolepsy treated?
  • What can I do to cope with narcolepsy?
  • What is restless legs syndrome (RLS)?
  • How common is RLS?
  • What are the symptoms of RLS?
  • What causes Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)?
  • How is RLS diagnosed?
  • How is RLS treated?
  • What are sexually transmitted diseases (Ss)?
  • Why do women need to be concerned about them?
  • What are the most important things for a woman to know about Ss?
  • What are the most common Ss?
  • Are there tests for Ss?
  • How can I keep from getting Ss?
  • What should I do if I have an S?
  • What is hepatitis?
  • What causes hepatitis?
  • What are the different types of hepatitis and how do you get them?
  • What are the signs of hepatitis?
  • Is hepatitis a sexually transmitted disease (S)?
  • How is hepatitis treated?
  • How can I lower my chances of getting hepatitis?
  • What is syphilis?
  • What are the signs of syphilis?
  • How is syphilis spread?
  • How is syphilis diagnosed?
  • Can syphilis be cured? How is syphilis treated?
  • Can syphilis cause problems during pregnancy?
  • What is gonorrhea?
  • How do you get gonorrhea?
  • What are the signs of gonorrhea?
  • Are there tests for gonorrhea?
  • How is gonorrhea treated?
  • What happens if gonorrhea isn’t treated?
  • Can gonorrhea cause problems during pregnancy?
  • What is chlamydia and how common is it?
  • How do you get chlamydia?
  • What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
  • How is chlamydia diagnosed?
  • What is the treatment for chlamydia?
  • What complications can result from untreated chlamydia?
  • What is genital herpes?
  • What are the symptoms of genital herpes?
  • Can genital herpes recur?
  • How is genital herpes diagnosed?
  • What is the treatment for genital herpes?
  • Is there a cure for genital herpes?
  • Are there any complications of genital herpes during pregnancy?
  • What is human papillomavirus or HPV?
  • What are genital warts? How are they spread?
  • Why should I worry about HPV or genital warts?
  • How can you tell if you have HPV or genital warts? Do you always get genital warts when you have HPV?
  • How are genital warts treated?
  • Is there any research being done on HPV?
  • What is HIV and why do I need to know about it?
  • How does a person become infected with HIV? Is it true that a pregnant or breastfeeding woman can give HIV to her baby?
  • Can you get HIV from doing things like kissing?
  • What are the signs of HIV infection? Do women and men have the same symptoms?
  • What is AIDS?
  • Is there a test for HIV?
  • What is the latest research on HIV and AIDS?
  • What is trichomoniasis?
  • How do you get trichomoniasis?
  • What are the signs of trichomoniasis?
  • Is there a test for trichomoniasis?
  • How is trichomoniasis treated?
  • Does trichomoniasis cause any problems with pregnancy?
  • What is the most basic definition of alcohol abuse?
  • What is alcoholism?
  • Does a person have to be alcoholic to experience problems from alcohol abuse?
  • How many women abuse alcohol?
  • Does alcohol affect women differently than men?
  • Does heavy drinking affect your menstrual period?
  • What effect does drinking during pregnancy have on the baby?
  • How is alcoholism treated?
  • What do I do if I think I may be drinking too much?
  • What happens during treatment?
  • Why do some women refuse to seek treatment for drug abuse?
  • Is there a connection between drug abuse and HIV/AIDS?
  • What treatment is available for women?
  • Where can I call if I have questions related to drug abuse?
  • Are there any additional on-line resources about drug abuse?
  • Is smoking a major cause of lung cancer in women?
  • Should women who smoke be concerned about heart disease?
  • Why do women and girls smoke?
  • Why should I quit smoking?
  • What happens to my body when I smoke?
  • How can I learn if I am at risk for health problems from smoking?
  • What are the dangers of second-hand smoke?
  • Is it ever too late to quit?
  • What have other women done to quit smoking?
  • Can medicines really help me quit?
  • I’ve tried to quit many times. What if I can’t quit smoking?
  • Won’t quitting smoking make me gain weight?
  • Is it better to smoke “light” cigarettes?
  • Are menthol brands safer than other ones?
  • I only smoke cigars. Are they bad for my health?
  • What is the difference between cigar and cigarette smoking?
  • How can I talk to my children about the dangers of smoking?
  • What is sexual assault.
  • Who are the victims of sexual assault.
  • How can I help prevent being sexually assaulted.
  • How do I handle a sexual assaulter.
  • What do I do if I am sexually assaulted.
  • Where else can I go for help.
  • How do I help someone who has been sexually assaulted.
  • What are date rape drugs?
  • What do the drugs look like?
  • What effects do these drugs have on the body?
  • Are these drugs legal in the United States?
  • Is alcohol a date rape drug?
  • How can I protect myself from being a victim?
  • What is female genital cutting (FGC)?
  • When is FGC carried out?
  • Where is FGC practiced?
  • How many women and girls in the world have been affected by FGC? In the United States?
  • Why are other terms used for female genital cutting, such as female circumcision (FC) or female genital mutilation (FGM)?
  • Where and when did FGC originate?
  • Who performs FGC?
  • What are the consequences of FGC?
  • Why is FGC still practiced?
  • Why does FGC occur in the United States?
  • Why is female genital cutting considered to be a human rights violation?
  • What laws against female genital cutting exist in the United States?
  • What international efforts exist to stop FGC?
  • What health problems affect minority women and special groups?
  • What types of health care coverage exist? How do I find out about them?
  • Health status and health risks of lesbians
  • Health behaviors/characteristics
  • Stress
  • Interactions with the health care system
  • Barriers to quailty health care
  • Research
  • Moldy oldies
  • Driving and making up don’t mix
  • Testing the testers
  • Allergic reactions
  • What’s `natural’?
  • Safety testing
  • The meaning of makeup
  • Beauty on the safe side
  • Regulating cosmetics
  • Baffling names
  • What about biological ingredients?
  • Industry self-regulation
  • Substantiation of safety
  • Ingredients prohibited or restricted by regulation
  • Methyl methacrylate monomer: the subject of a court ruling
  • Color additives
  • Contaminants raise concerns
  • Avoiding prohibited ingredients through FDA’s voluntary cosmetic registration program
  • When the product is the problem
  • Safer straightening
  • Hair dye reactions
  • Look out for your eyes
  • Hair color and cancer

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